Atomizer for oil-engines.



HSSOE\ ATOMZEH FR GIL ENGI ES.

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listed Fei.. 5, my?.

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nurseries..

i annuliens; ron arnnirurnns.

lessees.

To all whom 2l may Concern:

Be .it known that l, @aan A. laoiinsson, a subyect of the lling of Sweden, residing at Wellsville, in the county of Allegany and' State of New York, have invented certain new and useful 'improvements in litoinizers for Oil-Engines, of which. the ollovving'is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

'lh-isiinvention' relates 'to internal combus tion oil engines and has torits. primary ob- .jectito increase the elllciencyl inoperation' and consequently the working energy developed 'in .engines of that type wherein an atoinized 'fuel is burned in the combustion chamber by the temperature of highlyconr .pressed air into which the luel is liberated.

lChe invention has for 'a lparticular item of improvement, a fuel atomi'zing valve of relatively simple construction, through the medium oi' which the liquid '.tuel is delivered in a very linely atomized state and under high pressure to tlie combustion chamber.

l also have in view the provision of an improved fuel atomieer possessing the above noted advantageous features and capable of utilizingl unretiied, hydrocarbon oils as fuel so that the operating cost will be relatively small, the several parts employed being simple in their construction, not liable to get vout of order, and highly positive and reliable in practicaioperation. y

lilith the above and other objects in view,

. my invention consists in the novel features ot lol i i llig. 2 is 1a'. sect'on talren on the line 2-2 construction, l. combination. and arrangement oit parts to 'be hereinafter more fully described, claimed and illustrated inthe ac coinpanying drawings, in which,

Figure l is a longitudinal section of the fuel atomizing valve;

of rig. i.

ln oil engines of that type wherein the fuel vcharge is fired byv the heat of compres sion clean, atmospheric air is drawn by suction linto vthe engine cylinder in the niovenient of the piston in one direction, the valve y 2 5 beingpositively opened. Un the reverse stroke of the piston, this air is very highly compressed `Within the relatively restricted dimensions vof the combustion chamber. rllliis pressure is suflicient to increase the temperature ol the air-to such a degree that it Will instantly ignite the.inelyeoinrm-l which longitudinally bored,.as at 35. The

opposite ends of this bore 35 are enlarged and threaded, and a detachable nipple 36 is engaged in one of said threaded ends of the 'bore and connected by means of the pipe 37 to the air compressor. The inner end of the nipple is spaced from'tlie reduced, central portion or the bore 35 to afford a relatively large collecting chamber 38- between the nipple and the valve head 39 formed upon the reduced end 41 of the longitudinally niovable valve rod 40. rlhis valve head 39 is Patented Feb. 5, wie, reprimida aies november as, inra .anni no. lesser. l

normally `in tight engagement upon the,

valve seat 42 and disposed in spaced relation to the inner end of .the nipple 36. ln the other threaded end of the borel 35, the cnterioi'ly threaded endoi. a sleeve 43 is engaged, and Within the bore of said sleeve the valve rod 40 is inovably disposed, said rod having spaced .packing vgrooves 44. to eflectually prevent the leakage Aof the-,air or luel around the valve rod. rlhe` sleeve and valverod are inclosed within an outer casing 45 which is bolted or otherwise rigidlyiined at one of its ends to the body 34, id body in turn being suitably secured to' 'face of the cylinder head 17. The casing' 45 is ends with an internal flange 46 affording a support for the endet the sleeve 43. A

cylindrical head 47 is slidably engaged in vided with a reduced, threadedentensionf upon which a nut 51and sleeve areengaged, said nut 'being interposed 'between the sleeve andthe end et th'eboes y provided intermediate of its l es@ edwiihin The body 34 is also centrally formed with an oil receiving chamber in communication with the center of the bore 35. A sectional valve casing 5l is fitted within the body 3l, one of said sections having orifices 55 through which the oil is forced under pressure into the chamber 53. The other valve section constitutes a cage for the ball check valve .5G which prevents hackfiovv of the oil through the bore of the nipple 57 to which the supply pipe 5S, extending from the fuel pump, is connected.

A laterally extending, cylindrical arm 59 is integrally formed with the body 34 and is adapted to be fitted within the central opening` in the front side of the detachable cylinder head which is in communication with the combustion chamber 1S. Ifhis arm is longitudinally bored, as at GO, the axis of said bore being out of coinciding relation with the longitudinal axis of the valve rod 40. T he bore 60, at its inner end, terminatos in spaced-relation to the bore 35 ex tending at right angles thereto, and within this inner end of the bore GO a flanged disk 61 is seated, lli. sleeve 6:2` is fitted Within vthe bore 60 and has a reduced end 63 engaged Within the annular flange on the disk (51. This sleeve 62 has a central, longitudinally extending mixing chamber (il gradually flaring or increasing in diameter to the outer end of said sleeve. rl`he face of the disk (il next adjacent to the reduced end of the sleeve (32., has an annular recess 65 therein of greater diameter than the end of the chamber 't5-l, and a plurality of oblique fuel inlets 66 lead from this recess to an annular groove or channel 6? formed in. the periphery of the disk 61. This disk has an air inlet opening 68 which is in registering relation with an air passage 69 in the body 34 extending substantially .in'tangential relation to the bore 35 at the lower side thereof. A second orifice 70 permits the passage of oil from the collection chamber 53 into the fuel inlets 66 in the disk 61.` In order to conveniently clean the oil collection chamber and remove sediment therefrom, a Screw 71 is threaded'in the body 3land has a needle point 72- for engagement in the outer end of an orifice '73 communica-ting with said collection chamber in opposed re lation tothe orifice 70. downwardly inclined duct 74, extending through the body 34, is in communication with 'the outer end of the orifice 73.

For the reason to be presently related, the air inlet opening 68 in the disk 60 and the air passage G9 are of somewhat less diameter than the inner end of the mixing chamber 64 through the sleeve A spray nozzle 75 is threaded in the end of the arm 59 and has a central passage or bore 76 of relatively small diameter flaring at one end, as at 7'?, to. approximately the same. diameter as the outer end of the mixing chamber 64. The

end face of this nozzle opposed to the combered, cylindrical boss 81. A rod 82 is slidably disposed through said chamber and has a. reduced portion extending through an openinglr in the endwall ofthe chambcrto which u diamctrically extending key 83 is fixed, The end face of the boss Slis grooved, as at 8l, to receive. the ends of this key. The rod 82 is provided with a slightly reduced-end portion vupon which an operating element 85 is suitably fixed.v In the present instance. l have shown this element as consisting of a conveniently shaped hand grasp having a sleeve snugly 4fitting within the chambercd boss S1. A vcoil spring 86, disposed within said chamber, acts against said sleeve and normally urges the rod 8:?l outwardly so that in one position of said rod, the ends of the key 83 will be held within the roove 8-1.

T ie other arinof the bell crank lever 78 extends forwardly and has a roller 87 suitably mounted thereon for engagement by a cam 88 fixed upon the cam shaft S9.

From the above descriptiony the operation of the fuel atomizing valve Will be clearly understood. The rod 82 must first be forced longitudinally against the action of the spring 813 to disengage the key 83 from the groove Si. The rod is then given a quarter turn so that the key will be held in its extended position with relation to the boss 81. Thus, in the rotation of the cam shaft, the bell crank lever 78 is actuated to intermit# tently shift the. valve rod 40 inwardly against the action of the spring` 49. It is to be remembered that the fuel is'being supplied during the operation of the engine, from the um under4 ressure, upwardly past the ba l va ve 56 an' into the collection chamber 53. The fuel pum delivers the fuel into chamber` 53 and'ori ces 70 and 73,

' the combined capacity of which is equal to pressure in the chamber 53 is subject to .the

variable pressures in the combustion-.chamber, and it is the purpose of the ball'` checkl valve 56 to restrict these' pressurestothe consequently, is not under pressure.` 4The` iimit ei seid cheminer emi Wiiieii direeiijgf communicate with the eemeusieu chamber.

fue?. which "hes been `deposite@ in the fiue; "m is subjected to tile high injecties eii peessure, and this pressure pi'eveiis' epee the eii in duet While the sii: is iiewiixg through. the oriiiee 69. sligiiiy upon eiiering the mixing" eiiembei Se of the sleeve 62 which is ei siigii'hiy greater diameter than 'iie xiii' iiiiet @peeing This decrease in pessuie of the eii )ermite ihe 1fuel te ine -eeeei ihieugii duet O 'eind through the obliqueiy iiieiiiiei duet Ejwheie the several. ue uei efe met by `Tthe' eil eiiieiiieg the mixing ehemieei" Se., The fuei. is time' eeemizeei emi eeiieiueued ey the zii? through the chamber @ai eiiie spiny ing nozzle 75. @Wing te the eeuwen-*ced bore '76 ef this nezzie, there Wiii' be e meierisi iueijeese in 'pressme and `Weleely se that when the mixfeure et? sii: end fuel eil :finally leaves the iiezzie9 it is in e highly eeeiuiseci. state 'and expemis throughout the cembus- 'bien eiiemiiei.. in this mamie?? ihe eii is sup melilentei'iiy suspended by plied e theieughiy stemmed eenciitieu :1mi in uuieim quantity/,te the Combustion. chamber. The vei've coustruegion sleeve ieend eiiieieu; in pmcticel op'eimalfzieulo "Wiiezi i1ecessery,ti1e epeiaiieu ei'tiiis veive may be simply turning iaiie rod S2 se 'that the ende @Lehe key 83 emi seeil wi..ii.n` the groeve iii this pe meu of he key, the tiifeew oi the iieii meuk ievelf under the semen of ille eemw is iik suiieieut ie Cause en operative movement ef tile eir eem-rei waive From the foregoing description, teken iu Jeune-etica' Wieii the seeempenyiiig eimwing, the eeiistitue'eieu, manner ei? eperetiqiij sud. sevemi eifeiete iee el my im reve 'uei seri iuiiy mariee 1 ei'eii steed. By iiieify `suii-dividing the iii iie meneer iiove pointed, eut., i. :im enf ebiec'i iefuee the iewer grades ef iiysiiecer beu @iis 'ifoi use in eii engines with veiy setisifsetoiry iesuits sind wie?! the reeiirmiimi ei yemissie?eiaie economy iii the epeveiien ei he 'will be epjeieeiuted "Kimi e sie ee consists of very ife'w eimpiy een fateci parte? ii; is, iherefeie., posiive :mei

aieie in pemtieu. The inveeizimi may :Jisegbe manufecturei and usec'L in eminem bis Vwlizh iiquifi fuel engines ei fiiiierent,

n iene at ieietiveiy e i. have iieieiii ili'ustifsted e eeiisimetien si? my'. improved etemizer Wiieii il iieve found to fbe entiieiy priietieei, but it W'iii, ei' Course, iie'menifeet that in the adepietiee Aof the fieifieee engines of diie type employed fee 'verieu' eemmereisi purpeses., it may be feufqi esiirebiejte feeoit 'te certain. strue- The ei? expands iiefiiieetiene in the sew-rei eeteii pei: Is

theme55. it is, tiijeieieie, ee be uudersteexi de met desire te be imm-ted 'ie the mee 'iei'm :ind emmngemen' eti the 'various eiemefxis ssiieieiii ifertii., but 'eserve 'the engines iiei'uiug :i beeiy having en Oil e0i- V ieeien cheminer mui i'uei :mai air supply een-` neeions Rhei-em, e wiiiqe ceutreiiing the sdmissieii ,of eempix s i eil' im@ seid chamber, seid bmij/beiu further pievided with en uneosiuee 'iig eiiembei, and. means interposed. ,ietweeii the mixing ehembeimid 'the eii eeiieeiiien eiimiliiei* sind ei; 'eli times eiieidiug. eemmuuiceien therebetween foi' the sepei'ee delivery ei eil end eol'upies'sed sii." in'ie the mixing chamber und et ieietiveiy different piessuies."

3( in eeemirce: im* internal combustion engines iueuciiu-g :L body having un oii e01- ieetion eiiambe: sud fuel and air suppiy eeineetieus tile/trete, u 'valve eeitireiiing the ed'- misien. ei? eeuipifessefi eiifiets seid chamber, seid beeiy being; iiirtiiee pi'e'fided Wiii en 'uueiisiiruete chemise?, miei iiieaiis interposed 'eeitweeii ehe eiiember and eine eii eoiieetieii @ii-amber te deiivei' nii uw eiei" 'piessure in e fL'iiueeiity ei jets inte the mixing eiiemeeir and 'aise i@ deiivei' s. per'- iien. ef ehe firk-:irme 'the eeileetien chamber under. ijiveijf reeiueefi pressure i'ue 'the mixing eea-mbsf emi iii anemie? li'eieieeu te eine eil-'ieee mi s'zemieez 750i" imieifuei eembus/ ion. engines iuciuciiiig e 'eofijjr having eiimeii' imei eenueetioree iiispesed si, right eugieste each other, seid 'beiiy beiieg sise pi'eiiiiei "wiii en uuebsitiueiefi mme@ eimmbii' e21- ieefiing at eight s ies te seni. eil" mi uei connectie-iis, seid. body 'hei/img; spec ci air amd uei passages een' mieetiug; Wii seid eiiambei', emi-e. 'veive eeeD iiiiug iiies ippiy' ei clempifeseei 'fer deifivei'ing; iiie iu i emi mide? ieeseuie iiiiifeuggii fthe pessegef mui iste mii-iig' ehembeiw @mi il.,

' air to the 'oil collection chamber,

engines including a body provided with an oil collection chamber and air and fuel supply. connections, an angularly projecting arm on Vsaid body, a 'member removably mounted in said arm and having a mixing chamber, said body being provided with spaced fuel andairl passages, means interposed between the mixing chamber and said passages to direct fuel under pressure in a plurality of jets into the mixing chamber and to direct the airaxially into the chamber at an angle with respect to the oil jets, a valve controlling the supply of compressed and a spray nozzle mounted in the end of said arm.

6. An atomizer for internal combustion`| engines including a body having an injecting nozzle and an air passage, a disk interposed between the end of the nozzle and the air passage and having a central opening constituting a continuation of the air passage Which is in valinement with the nozzle bore, said body beingfurther provided with an oil collection chamber and a check valve to prevent the'return flow of oil from said chamber, said disk having an annular channel in its periphery in communication with the oil collection chamber and a series of angularly extending oil ducts leading from. said channel to the face of the disk opposed to the nozzle bore,'and a normally closed valve controlling the supply of compressed air to said passage. j

7. An atomizer for internal combustion engines including a body having an injecting nozzle, an oil collection chamber and an air passage disposed in tangential relation to said chamber, a disk interposed between said air .passage and the end of the nozzle and havmg acentral openingregisteringpwith the passage of the, nozzle bore, vmeans for preventing the return fiow of oil 'from the collection chamber, said disk being provided with a channel in its periphery andl the valve body having a passage connecting said channel to the base of the oil chamber, the disk being further provided with angular oil ducts leading from said channel to the face of the disk opposed to the nozzle, and a normally closed valve controlling the supply of compressed air to the air passage. An atomizer for internal combustion engines including a body having an oil collection chamber and an air passage extending at right angles to said chamber and in communication therewith, said passage being provided with a valve seat, oil inlet and supply pipes respectively connected to the collection chamber and air passage, an injecting nozzle, a disk interposed between the nozzle and the air passage and having a central opening coinciding with the nozzle bore but of smaller diameter than said bore, the valve body being further provided with a bypass in communication with the base of the oil chamber, channel in its peripher with which the bypass communicates, a p urality of ducts leading from said channel to the end of the opening in the disk which vis opposed to the nozzle bore, a normally closed valve engaged upon said seat, and means for intermittently openingthe valve.

lIn testimony whereof I hereunto aix my signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

CARL A. BJ ORNSSON.

Witnesses:

v ALUM LLUELLEN,

ANTHONY J. CRONAUER.

said disk having an annular 

